Immune Aging is an Independent Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease
Feldman, E.; Santana, E. J.; Celestin, B.; Golden, N.; Bagherzadeh, S.; Maysel, S.; Mathi, K.; Short, S.; Caroll, M.; Sullivan, S. S.; Lukacisin, M.; Ji, X.; Klein, Y.; Caspi, O.; Nguyen, P.; Fearon, · immunology · 2026-09-06 · 原文
DOI：10.64898/2026.05.18.725733作者：16 位
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality, yet current clinical predictors miss substantial disease-risk. While the immune system contributes to this residual risk, its complexity has hindered broadly applicable, clinically scalable metrics of immune-state. Here, we establish the prognostic relevance of IMM-AGE, a system-level metric of immune-aging, to cardiovascular disease. We learn reference-free, low-dimensional representations of IMM-AGE across cell, protein, and mRNA measurements, enabling high-fidelity quantification across modalities, blood fractions, and platforms, including standard hospital flow cytometers. Among UK-Biobank participants, 56.9% of IMM-AGE variation remained unexplained by routine clinical measures, and across diverse cohorts totaling ~48,000 individuals, elevated IMM-AGE was independently associated with future cardiovascular risk, intervention outcomes, and mortality. Moreover, incorporation of IMM-AGE into the PREVENT 10-year risk equation significantly improved risk stratification. These findings establish immune-aging as an independent biological dimension of cardiovascular disease-risk and support IMM-AGE as a practical tool for
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1. 人话版
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality, yet current clinical predictors miss substantial disease-risk.
While the immune system contributes to this residual risk, its complexity has hindered broadly applicable, clinically scalable metrics of immune-state.
2. 领域脉络
本文类目：immunology，属于其所在研究脉络的最新进展。
3. 机制拆解
Here, we establish the prognostic relevance of IMM-AGE, a system-level metric of immune-aging, to cardiovascular disease.
We learn reference-free, low-dimensional representations of IMM-AGE across cell, protein, and mRNA measurements, enabling high-fidelity quantification across modalities, blood fractions, and platforms, including standard hospital flow cytometers.
4. 证据与数字
Among UK-Biobank participants, 56.9% of IMM-AGE variation remained unexplained by routine clinical measures, and across diverse cohorts totaling ~48,000 individuals, elevated IMM-AGE was independently associated with future cardiovascular risk, intervention outcomes, and mortality.
Moreover, incorporation of IMM-AGE into the PREVENT 10-year risk equation significantly improved risk stratification.
5. 反例与边界
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6. 跨领域连接与意外收获
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8. 术语表
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