Sex differences in vaccine-induced neuraminidase cross-recognition impact H5N1 dissemination to the lower respiratory tract in mice
Chaulagain, S.; Werner, A. P.; Parish, M. A.; Talukdar, S. N.; Yin, A.; Seibert, B. A.; Zhang, T.; Liu, J. A.; Schneider, C. G.; Coughlan, L.; Pekosz, A.; Klein, S. L. · immunology · 2026-09-04 · 原文
DOI：10.64898/2026.05.26.728011作者：12 位
H5N1 vaccines have been poorly immunogenic in humans, creating a challenge for vaccine development. Seasonal influenza vaccines offer some cross-protection against H5N1, but there has been no consideration of whether protection differs between the sexes. We investigated sex differences in antibody responses following receipt of either beta-propiolactone inactivated whole virus H1N1 or H5N1 (LAIV backbone) vaccines in C57BL/6 mice. Using systems serology assays, vaccination induced strong homologous and heterologous antibody responses, with females generating greater IgG titers than males against whole virus H1N1 and H5N1, which was primarily mediated by greater IgG responses to neuraminidase (NA) than hemagglutinin (HA) protein. Cross-reactive H5N1 IgG titers were greater among H1N1-vaccinated females, and primarily mediated by greater N1-specific IgG titers. IgG2b and IgG2c were the primary antibody isotypes generated in response to these vaccines, with females having greater IgG2b titers and enhanced binding to Fc{gamma}RIV for avian and human NA than males following either homologous or heterologous vaccination. Antibody-dependent complement deposition was measured as an FcR-med
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1. 人话版
H5N1 vaccines have been poorly immunogenic in humans, creating a challenge for vaccine development.
Seasonal influenza vaccines offer some cross-protection against H5N1, but there has been no consideration of whether protection differs between the sexes.
2. 领域脉络
本文类目：immunology，属于其所在研究脉络的最新进展。
3. 机制拆解
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4. 证据与数字
We investigated sex differences in antibody responses following receipt of either beta-propiolactone inactivated whole virus H1N1 or H5N1 (LAIV backbone) vaccines in C57BL/6 mice.
Using systems serology assays, vaccination induced strong homologous and heterologous antibody responses, with females generating greater IgG titers than males against whole virus H1N1 and H5N1, which was primarily mediated by greater IgG responses to neuraminidase (NA) than hemagglutinin (HA) protein.
Cross-reactive H5N1 IgG titers were greater among H1N1-vaccinated females, and primarily mediated by greater N1-specific IgG titers.
5. 反例与边界
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